The Challenges Of Math And Science Classes Essay - 968 Words

Creativity is in all of us often we failed to see it. We think art, design, and marketing are creative. However, creativity lies in every field that you are curious in. There is no definite space that creativity exists in. Obviously, this idea struck me later. I also thought a creative person was the one who could compose rhyming poems and stories, who could draw beautiful pictures, or who could sing and dance effortlessly and I also wanted these skills, but it was impossible. Later, I found out, I was creative too. I enjoyed the challenges problems in math and science classes. And thinking to solve a problem in various ways is also being a creative. Hence, creativity can be learned in the fields that you are curious in and not from sitting in a lecture, but by learning and applying creative thinking processes. Children are more creative than adults. I too was creative when I was young. In Nepal, we rarely wrote creative pieces. Most of our English syllabus included short/long questions answers from the chapters. The first creative writing I recall is the one from third grade. We were given the assignment to describe our home. I went little overboard and described that I had the magical tree whose leaves taste like candies and had four peacocks that would dance in the backyard. I will always remember this unique writing. If I got the assignment like this now, it would be boring as I will focus on the rules and regulations. I will try my best to be inside the margin whichShow MoreRelatedThe Challenges Of Math And Science Classes Essay1169 Words   |  5 Pagespictures, or who could sing and dance effortlessly. I attempted to be creative several times. They were dull and lifeless. I now recognize my creativity is in STEM fields rather than in arts and humanities. I have enjoyed the challenge s problems in math and science classes. And thinking to solve a problem in various ways is also being a creative. However, the school has a huge impact on choosing it. In Nepal, schools rarely conveyed us towards the path of creative writing. Most of our English syllabusRead MoreHigh School For The Adult Learning Environment Of A Community College Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pagesalso a monumental challenge for any High School student who chooses to take part in the program. The challenges include leaving the rigidity and comfort of the High School for the adult learning environment of a community college, becoming a more active participant in one’s own learning, working hand in hand with students and staff of all ages and backgrounds, and more. Making the decision was very intimidating. Specifically, I was intimidated by taking college level math classes, as all throughoutRead MoreUsing Video Games in the Classroom1407 Words   |  6 Pagesfor a wide variety of different subjects, ranging from math, to science, to english and even in foreign language classes as many games that are made in different countries are in that countrys own langu age. Of Course games are almost always translated into different languages so that people worldwide could play them but a foreign language teacher wouldn’t find it too difficult to get ahold of a copy of a game in a foreign language. Music classes such as band or choir could even use video games suchRead MoreA Research On Stem Education886 Words   |  4 PagesScience, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics or STEM is critical to the future. STEM is everywhere and it is shaping our everyday experiences. Coming from a STEM focused high school I believe STEM is a very important educational tool to be implemented in the school systems and the earlier the introduction of the STEM teaching the better. I graduated from Hoover High School in Des Moines, Hoover is the leading STEM school in the state of Iowa (DMPS, 2015). Hoover has now set up new classroomsRead MoreAutobiographical Essay985 Words   |  4 Pagesexcited about school and made me want to learn. My education in Russ ia was cut short, however, when we moved to the United States. In the United States, education is a bit different from Russia. I immediately noticed that I was not challenged in math. In first grade in Russia, schoolchildren were learning multiplication, while first graders in the U.S. were still on addition. Naturally, I was disinterested in some parts of school, but learning English kept me considerably busy. Our family movedRead MoreThe Career Oath Of Forensic Meteorology868 Words   |  4 Pagescourt case? Not that many people know that Forensic Meteorology exists, what its’s requirements are, or even the fields of study. But even if they do know it exists, most likely, they don’t know it’s purpose in the judicial system or in the field of science. Forensic scientists are the newest career oath for both rookie weathermen and women; using their knowledge of the atmosphere and applying it in the court room. Forensic meteorology is a relatively new and booming derivative of the meteorologyRead MoreSchool Is Bad For Children Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesKennedy and Franklin D. Roosevelt (â€Å"School House to White House†). Can their success as leaders be attributed to school? Or would they have been successful without that education? School is where they were inspired and pushed to their limits. â€Å"The challenges of studying various subjects, completing homework, forming new ideas, participating in extracurricular activities, and making friends are part of the common heritage of an American education shared by everyone—including our Presidents† (â€Å"SchoolRead MoreMy Career Goals For The Field Of Engineering1564 Words   |  7 PagesE2/MITES/MOSTEC ESSAYS 1) What are your career goals? How might E2/MITES/MOSTEC help you attain these goals? I currently have several skills in many aspects in the field of engineering. Most of these skills are in the area of computer science with languages such as Java, C#, HTML, and JavaScript. Throughout my current exposure, I have learned engineering has several different possibilities in terms of choosing a major to focus in, and a career to pursue but have never completely experienced how eachRead MoreAsian, Female, and the Middle Class1385 Words   |  6 Pagesmathematics and science and lead to their high achievement in these subjects. I observed that all the Asian seniors were in AP Calculus class while 7 out of 23 white Americans and no African Americans were in the class. Two-thirds of the Pre-Calculus class and half of the AP Chemistry class were made up of Asian students. These facts are consistent with the data collected by Tyrone C. Howard. According to the chart, SAT Scores by Race and Ethnicity, 2008, Asian Americans’ average SAT score on the math sectionRead MoreAm erican Public Education Essay676 Words   |  3 Pagesabout the core classes. For instance, I started school in the US at age twelve, eighth grade, and was placed in college prep classes, even though English was my second language. Fortunately, I had the opportunity to travel and study in different countries like Afghanistan, India, and Yemen. The excellent schooling system of these countries, although they were considered third world countries in the eighties, had prepared me for a higher level of education. My academic challenges started when I took

Criminology Crime And Crime - 1123 Words

Gangs have been exceptionally violent in recent years. Criminology, in respect to gangs, refers to the acts of violence and theft conducted by gangs, which are also prohibited by the law and law enforcement bodies. Legislators have created laws and strategies that have been very fundamental in tracking down gangs. Criminal experts state that the key to curbing criminology among gang members is finding and understanding the manner in which they work, as well as looking at the methods they use during their operations. This paper analyzes the aspect of criminology as it pertains to gangs within the context of sociological perspectives. It goes on to elaborate on why this issue is an emerging topic of concern in modern societies. This paper further uses various theories and theorists to enrich the analysis of this topic. Linda Schmidt is a criminology expert and FBI agent in the department of community outreach in Ohio, who has worked and solved many cases in street gangs. She has tirele ssly worked on issues involving street gangs. Through her experience and expertise, she provides rich insights regarding gangs and how the police should be trained to deal with gangs. She provides views on gang-infested neighborhoods, working with members of gang groups in schools, courts and prisons. She has also provided training for community groups, educators and law enforcement officers. Considering criminology in the context of gangs, Schmidt suggests that the first step towards havingShow MoreRelatedCrime And Crime : Criminology And Criminology1211 Words   |  5 Pages Crime choice theory, often referred to as environmental criminology or ecological criminology, is a branch of criminology that was supposedly started by the classical school’s Cesare Beccaria. As with many theories, it has evolved with time, but the basics of it have stayed much the same throughout time. Crime choice theory can relate through other theories such as; routine activity theory, environment al criminology, situational crime prevention and crime prevention through environmental designRead MoreCriminology : Crime And Crime1410 Words   |  6 PagesCriminology is defined by the book Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, which was written by author Dr. Frank Schmalleger, Ph.D., as â€Å"the scientific study of the causes and prevention of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders† (Schmalleger, 2006, p. 20). People look at criminology in a big concept of criminal prevention but criminology in itself carries a wide variety of functions in treating crime and providing punishment to those who commit crimes. Crime increases when theRead MoreCriminology and Crime2697 Words   |  11 PagesLeanne elcoate – M00311408 | CRM2350 – Crime in Late Modernity | To what extent could it be argued that crime is seductive? | | Alice Savoja | | Word Count: 2477 | To what extent could it be argued that crime is seductive? To what extent could it be argued that crime is seductive? Throughout this essay I will be discussing contemporary theories that support the idea crime is seductive and contemporary theories that disagree. According to the Oxford Dictionary the definitionRead MoreCriminology Theories and Capital Crimes1182 Words   |  5 PagesCriminology Theories and Capital Crimes: As part of the distinct aspects of criminal justice policy, the different criminology theories have significant impacts on the criminal justice system. The different theories of crime are used to explain criminal justice policy and the criminal justice system. These theories were developed by different people in attempts to explain criminal justice. In addition, criminological theories assist is shaping the societys reaction to offense in relation to preventingRead MoreCriminology : Crime And Deviance1705 Words   |  7 PagesKelsie Rumsey Brian Wolf Sociology 260: Crime and Deviance May 7, 2017 Double Jeopardy The criminal justice system isn’t perfect, much like any largescale system it has its flaws. Sadly, some of the criminal justice system flaws are bigger than others and the smaller ones don’t get any attention from the public and go unresolved. That is not to say that all the problems with the criminal justice system shouldn’t be dealt with, but some of the problems aren’t even being considered. A problem thatRead MoreCriminology is the Scientific Study of a Crime1026 Words   |  4 Pages The definition of Criminology is the scientific study of crime, as a social phenomenon of criminals, and penalty treatment (Citation Required). Criminology is the basis of the criminal justice system, it aids with assessing criminals and punishing them justly within the justice system. One key question that should be asked is the justice system allowing criminals to get away by pleading insane, mental, or saying that they weren’t in control of their body. This pa per will look at specific examplesRead MoreCriminology: The Evolution of Crime Essay1003 Words   |  5 PagesCriminology has evolved over history into becoming a discipline all its own, along the way it grew and developed from a multiple sources of disciplines to become an integration of various theories. Reasons that seek to explain crime and deviant behaviors has mirrored the time in which research was being conducted and as time continues to change it is to be expected more theories will arise to incorporate past theories to become ever more inclusive. It is important to understand this development fromRead MoreBiological Determinism And Crime Of Criminology1595 Words   |  7 PagesBiological Determinism and Criminality Throughout the history of criminology, each theory dominates and gains support than others though different period of time. This essay will first discuss the argument for biological determinism which mainly focuses on phrenology. The idea of Darwinism also links to Lombroso’s idea that a person’s bad behavior can be predicted and should be eliminated will also be discussed. The second part of the essay will emphasis the classical theory and how in contrastsRead MoreThe Moral Ambivalence Of Crime And Criminology977 Words   |  4 Pages Crime and Criminology Essay It is common knowledge that crime exists all over the world and that justice and punishment may vary in different countries and societies. However, how justice and punishment is enforced in a society and globally is not common knowledge. Global justice refers to the belief that the world is unjust; while social justice, in a manner of speaking, refers to the fair treatment of everyone in a society.(â€Å"Social Justice†). Both social and global justice value human rightsRead MoreCrime Is The Strongest Factor Of Criminology1357 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve crime is biologically determined, no human s are exactly alike in decisions; Hence criminal behaviors are not biologically determined. By recognizing that human behavior is influenced by many factors, by refuting counterarguments that the so-called root of the crime is the biological mindset as a child one will discover this theory will inevitably fall short. By presenting sound arguments, one will be persuaded to rec onsider that biology is not the strongest factor of criminology. Inequality

Assessment of Environmentalist Approaches to Energy

Question: Describe about the Assessment of Environmentalist Approaches to Energy. Answer: Introduction: In the contemporary era of growth as well as economic development, it is evident that human kind is going to face a greater crisis regarding the energy resource in the next century. As the human population of the world is increasing in a geometric progression, it is being assumed that the world population will be double of the current 7 billion by mid-century. This scenario will evidently augment the usage of energy as well as its resource. In this context, various environmentalists are emphasizing mostly on two approaches to deter this crisis. The approaches include moving to sustainable energy sources while maintaining market economy and reducing the usage of non-renewable source by reduced energy use. The article focuses on assessing both of the approaches regarding energy usage along with indicating most effective approach for the humankind. Discussion: It is evident that energy is one of the most imperative necessities of humankind in the current advanced world. It can be considered as the key driver of economic development, which is the key tool of sharing prosperity in to the society and thereby reducing poverty. In addition to that, social development such as health and education is also highly depended on the access of energy. Globalization has enabled the humankind to access most of the resources for generating energy, albeit the resource endowments immensely varies from country to country as do the cost of energy supply (Knopf, Nahmmacher Schmid, 2015). Due to this particular scarcity of energy resources the world experiences a scale of variation in the domestic market, regional trade and collaboration prospect as well as infrastructure development prospect. It has been observed that the potential energy supply cost is immensely low in the highly developed nation. Figure 1: Energy dependence of the countries (Source: Edenhofer et al., 2013) It has been identified by various extensive studies that the developing countries are continuously experiencing a pressing concern regarding the achievement of reliable power supply. It can be observed from the latest report that the majority of the developing countries faced an exceeding demand of base-load electricity in comparison with the supply. The energy deficit has been noted to be around 7% in all of the developing geographic regions (Hinrichs-Rahlwes, 2013). The power deficit is affecting these countries to such an extent that it causes regular brownouts as well as blackouts and thereby huge amount of economic losses. In this context, it can be seen that majority of the Sub-Saharan African countries are forced to pay a high cost of electricity, which thereby reduces the affordability and basic energy needs of the general population. Figure 2: Energy consumption of the countries (Source: Podobnik, 2015) In order to eliminate these imperative crises such as poverty of energy as well as energy service delivery crisis, the environmentalists have considered undertaking the most sustainable approach to energy so that the entire globe can be prosperous without any hindrance. The majority of the environmentalists are inclined towards the usage of sustainable sources of energy, which will evidently decrease the importance of non-renewable energy sources. The advancement of technology has evidently increased the applicability of this policy of energy generation from renewable sources (del Ro Cerd, 2014). According to the traditional definition, the renewable energy refers to the energy, which is generated from the renewable resources that can be replenished within the human time scale. These resources are waves, sunlight, tides, wind, geothermal heat as well as rain. It is common knowledge in the current time that renewable energy sources are capable of decreasing the dependence on the fossils fuels. Therefore, it can also be assumed that the renewable sources can limit the environmental impact caused by the conventional energy generators. In this aspect, it has been noticed that the majority of the effectiveness of the global economy is evolving around the energy efficiency as well as sustainability. Therefore, most of the political decision makers are greatly considering the approach to use the renewable energy. Despite the strong support for the usage of renewable energy sources, it can be identified that the cost of the energy generation, as well as supply, is quite high. The high cost always has been a key factor that limited the implementation of renewable energy practices (Cerd del Ro, 2015). The major concerns that have been identified are the implementation of highly expensive technologies as well as costly operation and maintenance pro cess. The major factors considered as integral part of the energy generation processes are scalability, commercialization, substitutability, material input requirements, intermittency, water, regulation of receding horizons as well as energy return on investment and energy density. The renewable sources must have the capability to supply a certain amount of energy within a specific period. In order to switch from conventional energy sources to the renewable energy sources, a huge altercation in the infrastructure will be needed. Thus, it can be easily assumed that the renewable energy cannot be used as a substitute for the conventional energy source within a short notice. The renewable energy sources are considered as the low-density carriers of energy (Lopez-Pena, Perez-Arriaga Linares, 2012). Therefore, the renewable energy sources will need a higher amount of units in comparison to the conventional sources of energy. Considering these factors the social scientists have been able to ide ntify several critical barriers that would be a major factor for the efficiency of renewable sources. In order to compete against the conventional means of energy generation, the renewable energy sources must overcome a couple of most important barriers which are lacking economic scale as well as undeveloped infrastructure. Being the most expensive means of energy generation process the renewable energy generally requires a large amount of fund to develop the primary investments (Fagiani, Barqun Hakvoort, 2013). It has been observed that the early years of renewable energy generation consists of an increasing investment series. These investments have major aspects, which are described below: Prospecting: In order to initiate the renewable energy generation process the authority must unearth the most acceptable sites. In this context, the sites must be with good resources and lines of transmission. Permitting: The conventional energy generation process consists of several issues, which are quite common and the review system is quite straight forward. Moreover, the renewable sources produce new types of issues that demand innovative review system (Cho Kim, 2015). Marketing: As the conventional energy is highly available in the market and the general population is quite familiar with the usage of energy, the authority has to convince the citizens to switch their energy type from scratch. Installation, maintenance, and operation: In the context of implementing the renewable source, the authority must employ a highly trained workforce in order to install, maintain as well as operate the technological aspect of the renewable energy process (Amigues, Le Kama Moreaux, 2015). Despite these crucial concerns, it can also be identified that the mass production of the energy technologies can be highly effective for reducing the cost of the renewable energy process. In this context, it has been observed that price of the photovoltaic has been decreased up to 20 25 percent in the last two decades. Moreover, it is assumed by the professionals that it can be reduced up to further 20% with the increase of production. In addition to that, various studies have indicated that energy efficiency policies undertaken by European countries have effectively reduced the cost of the renewable energy (Shaddel Shokouhian, 2014). This crucial example further raises the debates to the approaches to use of conventional energy source and renewable source. It presents the evidence that the renewable energy has the potential to compete with the conventional energy sources in terms of price and effectiveness. The major advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy have been depi cted in the following table. Type of energy Energy Source Advantages Disadvantages Solar The sunlight is turned into electricity by solar panel. The energy supply is potentially infinite. The electric supply can be owned by single dwelling. The solar panels are highly expensive in terms of manufacturing and implementation. Wind The wind is converted into electricity by wind turbines. The energy supply is potentially infinite The single wind turbines can create energy from a single unit. The wind turbines are highly expensive in terms of manufacturing and implementation. Moreover, it is objected due to the spoiling of countryside. Tidal The tide movement is converted by turbines. The energy supply is potentially infinite. The technology can effectively prevent the flooding. The barrage is very expensive in terms of construction. Moreover, it has an environmentalist concern as it rumored to be harmful to underwater biodiversity. Wave The wave movement turned into electricity by driving turbine. The operation can be only implemented through a small local operation. The manufacturing cost is extreme and often opposed by the environmentalists. Geothermal The natural heat of earth can turn the cold water into a hot stream, which is converted into electricity by power turbines. The energy supply is potentially infinite. It is only applicable in the volcanic region, and the plant can be redundant in future. Hydroelectric Power The water movement in various dams, lakes, and rivers is transformed into electricity. Besides the energy plant, it can be used as water reserves as well. The development cost is quite high. It can cause flooding and adverse impact on local hydrology. Biomass Organic material can be burned for the energy generation. The biomass resources are cheap and available. It generates a high amount of pollutants and greenhouse gas. Wood Felled trees can be burned to produce heat and light. It is highly cheap and available. It generates a high amount of pollutants and greenhouse gas. Table 1: Assessment of renewable resources (Source: Wilson, Wood Garside, 2012) As per the data provided by U.S Energy Information Administration, it can be derived that it is likely impossible to replenish the non renewable energy sources within a short period. The non-renewable resources include several nuclear elements such as plutonium, radium, uranium; coal, natural gas as well as oil. Numerous scholars consider the non-renewable source as the most effective approach to energy generation as the resources is immensely abundant (Chu Majumdar, 2012). On the contrary, several environmentalists have been able to deduce that current rate of exploration of the natural resources will evidently create a crisis within the next century. However, the current studies on the energy sources and their impacts have been able to reveal several crucial disadvantages, which are most damaging for the humankind. These problems are environment contamination, damaging of bio-diversity as well as crop loss. In order to avoid these severe consequences of conventional energy use, the environmentalists have proposed another major approach. Numerous nations are effectively following this approach as it presents a flexible stand while concerning the use of conventional resources for energy generation (Hinrichs-Rahlwes, 2013). However, it is also openly acknowledged by every nation that the non-renewable resources are highly unsustainable while considering long term prospect. It has also been discovered by an extensive study that continuous use of the conventional resource will present a markedly detrimental effect on the environment in future. Although the countries in all over the world have mutually taken a crucial stand to combat the environmental deterioration, the approved measures are insufficient. The current gravity of the situation has reached a certain extent that the global warming protocols can be considered a futile effort. In this context, another major concern is climate change, which is proved to be gaining major upper hand constantly (Silva, Soares Afonso, 2013). Thus, the environmentalists suggest a complete revamping of the socio-economic structure so that the energy consumption can be limited. However, considering all of the above aspects it can be noticeably determined that the conventional use of non-renewable energy cannot be limited, as it will require a high control, strenuous effort as well as tremendous goodwill. In the current era of growth and development, the developing countries cannot survive the competition without necessary access to energy. They will need a high amount of energy in education, health, production as well as construction fields. In addition to that, the emerging political power in the world has created a scenario where the energy resource can be considered as the major tool of power definition (Kurbatova Khlyap, 2015). In this context, it is evident that the approach of drastic change in society will not be entertained various nation, and thus it lacks the practicality. It can also be considered that the limitation of energy use is not a relevant way for them. In support of the argument, it can also be stated that the natural resources will not be replenished by the limited use of non-renewable sources. Therefore, the world must stop consuming non-renewable resources and depend on the renewable sources (Mohammed et al., 2013). As the renewable sources have the capabilit y to supply the energy for a long time, it has the potential to substitute the use conventional sources. Conclusion: The above-described article successfully addressed the major approaches of energy uses, which are the use of sustainable resources at the same time maintaining the national economy and reshaping the society to limit the use of conventional resources for energy generation drastically. The article effectively assessed the approaches in terms of cost as well as efficiency. It has been identified by the discussion that although the renewable sources of energy has a positive advantage of green energy. At the same time, the use of non-renewable sources cannot be continued for a long run. Moreover, the non-renewable resources are having a highly damaging effect on the environment. Thus, the article successfully concludes that the despite all obstacles the use of renewable resources for energy generation will be the most ethical and effective approach. Reference List: Amigues, J. P., Le Kama, A. A., Moreaux, M. (2015). Equilibrium transitions from non-renewable energy to renewable energy under capacity constraints.Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,55, 89-112. Cerd, E., del Ro, P. (2015). Different interpretations of the cost-effectiveness of renewable electricity support: Some analytical results.Energy,90, 286-298. Cho, S., Kim, J. (2015). Feasibility and impact analysis of a renewable energy source (RES)-based energy system in Korea.Energy,85, 317-328. Chu, S., Majumdar, A. (2012). Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future.nature,488(7411), 294-303. del Ro, P., Cerd, E. (2014). The policy implications of the different interpretations of the cost-effectiveness of renewable electricity support.Energy Policy,64, 364-372. Edenhofer, O., Hirth, L., Knopf, B., Pahle, M., Schlmer, S., Schmid, E., Ueckerdt, F. (2013). On the economics of renewable energy sources.Energy Economics,40, S12-S23. Fagiani, R., Barqun, J., Hakvoort, R. (2013). Risk-based assessment of the cost-efficiency and the effectivity of renewable energy support schemes: Certificate markets versus feed-in tariffs.Energy policy,55, 648-661. Hinrichs-Rahlwes, R. (2013). Renewable energy: Paving the way towards sustainable energy security: Lessons learnt from Germany.Renewable Energy,49, 10-14. Knopf, B., Nahmmacher, P., Schmid, E. (2015). The European renewable energy target for 2030An impact assessment of the electricity sector.Energy policy,85, 50-60. Kurbatova, T., Khlyap, H. (2015). State and economic prospects of developing potential of non-renewable and renewable energy resources in Ukraine.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,52, 217-226. Lpez-Pea, ., Prez-Arriaga, I., Linares, P. (2012). Renewables vs. energy efficiency: The cost of carbon emissions reduction in Spain.Energy Policy,50, 659-668. Mohammed, Y. S., Mustafa, M. W., Bashir, N., Mokhtar, A. S. (2013). Renewable energy resources for distributed power generation in Nigeria: a review of the potential.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,22, 257-268. Podobnik, B. (2015). Global energy inequalities: exploring the long-term implications.journal of world-systems research,8(2), 252-274. Shaddel, M., Shokouhian, M. (2014). Feasibility of solar thermal collectors usage in dwelling apartments in Mashhad, the second megacity of Iran.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,39, 1200-1207. Silva, S., Soares, I., Afonso, O. (2013). Economic and environmental effects under resource scarcity and substitution between renewable and non-renewable resources.Energy Policy,54, 113-124. Wilson, E., Wood, R. G., Garside, B. (2012). Sustainable energy for all.Linking poor communities to modern energy services WORKING PAPER, (1).

The William Blue Ding Restaurant Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements

The Promotional Portfolio: Developing New Efficient Tools When it comes to establishing a new business, running a restaurant presupposes quite the same complexities and opportunities as any other kind of entrepreneurship (Garvey, Dismore Dismore, 2011). In the case study in question, the restaurant entitled William Blue Dining is being depicted and the various ways of improving its state of affairs are being considered. With the help of a range of adequate ideas, the company can actually become a great success.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The William Blue Ding Restaurant: Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Promotional offer: choosing the right words To start with, the promotional offer has to be introduced. According to Smith Schulz, promotional offer is a range of services and/or goods that are going to be introduced into the target market and pro moted to the public (Smith Schulz, 2004). Hence, in the context of the restaurant services, the specific cuisine has to be promoted efficiently. According to the report in question, the major asset of the William Blue Dining is the fact that every single bit of food there is â€Å"live†, i.e., is cooked immediately after the client orders a dish. Hence, the promotion must be focused on offering â€Å"live† cuisine. As a matter of fact, the phrase â€Å"live cuisine from all over the world† can actually serve as a motto for the restaurant. Advertisement: let the world know about the restaurant As for the press release, it will be aimed at making the restaurant known even better by the people from all the continents where the William Blue Dining affiliates are located. With the help of an elaborate advertisement strategy, one can possibly attract even more clients to the restaurant. Hence, the objective of the advertising campaign is to make the world talk about William Blue Dining. As for the advertising strategy, it will be quite suitable to create a memorable TV and online commercial that will not be annoying, but make people pay attention to what William Blue Dining has to offer. Press release: concerning the technical issues The suppose press release will be aimed at making the restaurant popularity even bigger. In addition, with the help of a press release, William Blue Dining will cement its position not only among the general public, but also among people of greater influence and among press. Since the percentage of the North Sydney business public among the visitors of the restaurant makes around 25%, it can be considered that businessmen of higher rank can visit the restaurant and, thus, raise the restaurant revenues. With the help of the interviews of the latter, success is guaranteed.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A T welve-Month Promotion Plan: A Careful Strategy to Follow However, every single business venture needs a plan. Without an outline the steps that need to be taken to promote the given enterprise among the rest of the people and make them spread the word about the delicious dishes served in the restaurant, William Blue Dining might be not quite successful as expected. According to Luther (2011), a good promotion plan is supposed to incorporate the information about the possible losses and the expected profit, providing the conclusion about the reasonability of the promotion actions. With the help of such a plan, one can decide how to make William Blue Dining a well-known restaurant. The forms of promotion: identifying the methods It is necessary to mention that William Blue Dining is going to use online and TV promotion, as well as advertisements in newspapers to make more people learn about the suggested services. However, apart from the traditional means of advertisements, personal s elling will also be used. The above-mentioned presupposes that William Blue Dining will employ the people who are going to offer passers-by coupons or leaflets about the restaurant, the dishes, the cuisine, the specifics, etc. Since personal promotion will help demonstrate certain details concerning the services (Lamb, Hair, McDaniel, 2011, p. 552), people will be able to learn even more about the restaurant’s special offers. Indicating the budget: a good use of money Since most of the restaurants offer dishes for $8 average, it can be suggested that the advertisement campaign should not cost more than the restaurants gross annually. Of course, on the one hand, a good advertising campaign can save the day and be repaid in several months or even weeks; on the other hand, though, the risks are quite high, and, since the entire chain of restaurants is at stake, it is necessary to use the resources wisely. Therefore, 20% of the annual revenues can be spent on the campaign. The ra tionale for time, data and medium Since most of the visitors are businessmen, students and elderly people, it can be suggested that the time for advertisements should be early in the morning, when elderly people are already awake, businessmen to work and students go to their colleges, universities or institutes; in the evening, when the elderly people, students and businessmen are at home; and (for the public promotion) around 1 – 2 p.m., when students and businessmen have some time to spare. As for the data when the promotion starts, it can be suggested that in some three weeks everything is going to be ready for the start. Finally, speaking of the medium, TV, Internet and public advertisement will be most suitable.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The William Blue Ding Restaurant: Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marketing promotion strate gy: summary The promotion strategy is aimed at capturing the target customers and impressing them. Customer Feedback Analysis: Learning to Listen Carefully It is important to keep in mind that the restaurant services will also have to take the clients’ ideas concerning improvements into account. Concerning the objective: the required information The clients’ opinion about the service and its possible improvement will be demanded. An applicable format: questionnaires and surveys For the feedback collection, surveys and questionnaires, as well as multiple-choice questions (e.g., â€Å"How do you rank the services? – a) excellent; b) O.K.; c) could have been better; d) awful†) and feedback cards (Restaurateur, 2010, p. 287) are going to be used.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Feedback forms and their use: comfortable and efficient The feedback forms are going to be printed in A6 size, written in 14pt. or larger font and written on blank white paper. Information processing: what customers need Once the necessary information is gathered, it is going to be distributed into several groups, namely, the complaints concerning the service quality, the recommendations about the probable improvements and the positive feedback. Thereafter, the positive aspects of the restaurant’s work are going to be perfected, while the negative elements are going to be either improved or eliminated. With the help of the given approach, William Blue Dining is going to become a huge success. Reference List Garvey, M, Dismore, H, Dismore, A D, 2011, Running a restaurant for dummies, John Wiey Sons, New York, NY. Lamb, C W, Hair, J F Jr., McDaniel, C D, 2011, Essentials of marketing, Cengage Learning, Stamford, CN. Luther, W M, The marketing plan:  how to prepare and imple ment it, AMACOM, New York, NY. Restaurateur, D R, 2010, Everything guide to starting and running a restaurant:  secrets to a successful business!, Adams Media, Avon, MA. Smith, S Schulz, D E, 2004, How to sell more stuff:  promotional marketing that really works, Kaplan Publishing Company, Chicago, IL. This report on The William Blue Ding Restaurant: Case Study Analysis and Suggestions for Further Improvements was written and submitted by user Lee Perry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Battle at Canossa essays

Battle at Canossa essays At the meeting in Canossa between Henry IV and Gregory VII, it may appear that Gregory had been victorious. He showed his power over the king by excommunicating him and denying him his throne until he gave penance. But, in actuality, Henry was the victor. By saying he was sorry for his sins by the doing of his penance, the pope had no other choice than to accept Henry back to the church and back to his throne. If a sinner comes to the pope and asks for forgiveness, the pope is obligated by his spiritual duties to forgive him. Gregory did not want to accept Henry back on his own will, but rather the will of God and of the people. The popes power over the king was limited. The showdown at Canossa was not the end of the confrontations between Gregory and Henry. Germany and Italy were at battle between each other and Germany had elected their own king, Rudolph of Swabia, the anti-king. Gregory VII had again tried to excommunicate Henry IV, but at this time he had no power over the king for the people had turned against the pope. The bishops had elected another pope, the anti-pope. Cruel and atrocious civil war continued. Henry and Rudolph battled against each other and Rudolph was killed. After the death of Rudolph, Henry went to Rome and conquered it. He also installed an anti-pope who crowned Henry emperor. In return, Gregory called for help to the Normans in northern Italy. They agreed to help and kicked Henry out of Rome. The Normans were angered that Rome surrendered to the popes enemies so they committed several brutal crimes against the Romans. The Romans blamed these acts of brutality on Gregory and consequently he traveled back to northern Ita ly with the Normans to seek refuge. The struggle of lay investiture was still not over. A compromise could not be reached until 1122 AD. This agreement was the Concordat of Worms. Popes were now in charge of investing the bishops with the symbols of spiritual office. The e...

Four Kinds of Morpheme

Four Kinds of Morpheme Four Kinds of Morpheme Four Kinds of Morpheme By Maeve Maddox A useful definition of morphemegood enough for most purposesis â€Å"a minimal and indivisible morphological unit that cannot be analyzed into smaller units.† This broad definition is adequate for most general discussions, but it’s possible to get more specific. Just for fun, here are four different kinds of morpheme. allomorph or morph: any part of a word we want to talk about. A morph can be a whole word, like dog, a meaningful affix, like un- or -ness, or a part that has no meaning, but is separable, like the o in kissogram (a telegram delivered with a kiss, intended to amuse or embarrass the recipient.) portmanteau morph: a single form which consists of two or more morphemes, but which cannot be divided neatly. For example, the verb crashed can be separated into the morphemes crash and -ed, but a word like sang, which consists of the stem sing and a past tense marker (the changed vowel), cannot be so divided. empty morph: a piece of a word that does not contribute to its meaning, but is necessary to make it easily pronounceable. For example, the o in kissogram. (Linguists argue about something called a â€Å"null morpheme,† but as I’m not writing for linguists, I won’t go there.) cranberry morpheme: a morpheme that occurs in only one word, like the cran in cranberry, the twi in twilight, and the -art in braggart. Note on cran-, twi-, and -art: cran- The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers’ Association explains the cran in cranberry this way: The name cranberry derives from the Pilgrim name for the fruit, craneberry, so called because the small, pink blossoms that appear in the spring resemble the head and bill of a Sandhill crane. The OED entry tells us that the word cranberry was unknown to herbalists writing in the 16th and 17th centuries. They knew about cranberries, but they called them other names, such as marsh-whorts and fen-berries. The North American cranberry growers may have adopted the name from German immigrants. Low German has the forms krà ´nbere, krones- or kronsbere, krà ´nsbr, kranebere; all translate as â€Å"crane-berry.† British speakers adopted the word cranberry in the 18th century. twi- This allomorph may also derive from German. Both High German and Low German have words that mean what twilight does. Middle High German has zwischenliecht, â€Å"tweenlight†; Low German has twà ªdustern, twà ªdunkern, literally â€Å"twi-dark.† -art This affix belongs to class of suffixes that turn a verb into a noun doer of the action. The spelling s of words in which –ard conveys the discreditable connotation include drunkard, laggard, and sluggard. Braggart is the only -art survivor in common use. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar 101 category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive AtWhenever vs. When EverEpidemic vs. Pandemic vs. Endemic

Written Assignment #2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Written #2 - Assignment Example Smith did not place a limit to the types of genre of music she played. The genre she used were rock, proto punk, punk rock, art punk and blues rock to compose different songs and relay messages to her targeted audiences. Smith played a number of instruments and this were the vocals, guitars and clarinets. Through her interviews, Smith discussed how her female indemnity affected her career and this is present in her memoir â€Å"Just Kids†. Being a female, she admits to seeing herself as a woman only in context rather than an individual as she was sharing her life with a male partner. She points out she fell when her partner ventured into a new relationship with a different party giving her the need to evaluate herself and accomplishments as a person and not in the shadows of her partner. Smith admits that her freedom came when she decided to become independent as she embraced a positive attitude towards her music career. Moreover, she admits that being a female, she experienced difficulty in convincing other musicians to join her band as the society back then looked down on women (Tarr

Looking at organizational behaviours such as managment objectives, Assignment

Looking at organizational behaviours such as managment objectives, culture, knowledge about how people- as induviduals and as groups- act within organizations - Assignment Example The easiest probable approach is to promote the common interest of the group first thus, to gather altogether the efforts and interest of each unit and channel it towards the achievement of that goal. This is primarily the foundation of the aspect of organizational management, which is to maintain the necessary values inside the organization’s environment for the effectiveness and efficiency of the member’s efforts (Robinson, 2000). To do this, the management must be able to lead its member towards the tasks and responsibilities and be able to relate to the needs of each of its units. It is through this approach that the management is able to transcend the individuality barriers and diversity environment inside the organization for their productivity towards the common goal. (Sims 2002) On a personal reflection as a member of an actual organization management committee, there are several important concepts and terminologies that one must intricately understand to function effectively as an organizational manager. Most of these key concepts include the values that are important for the functions and operations of the organization and the issues that must be thoroughly addressed inside the organization (Robinson 2000). These important concepts are organizational behavior, organizational culture, diversity, communication, business ethics, and change management. First among the list is the task of fostering organizational behavior within the group particularly the necessary values and idealism that each individual member must possess. In this aspect, the management promotes the ideal behavior that is important for the group for it to function effectively towards the common goal (Robinson 2000). Indeed, the management must primarily establish the concepts of professionalism and teamwork within its member to enhance their productivity as a group. In this aspect, the

Legal Compliance Paper Essay Example for Free

Legal Compliance Paper Essay In order for a business to succeed, management needs to identify and comply with the laws and regulations in their area. Management needs to keep in mind that laws vary from state to state. Additionally, as laws are constantly changing, management needs to regularly update their company standards in order to comply with these ever changing laws. In the case of Baderman Island, the company first began its renovations in 1988 (Virtual Organizations Portal, 2012) the lighthouse was purchased in 1932. Since 1988, the company had to modify or change their business procedures in order to comply with laws and regulations. Legal compliance challenges that Baderman Island and other companies may have faced include employment laws, tax laws and regulations, property laws, finance laws and environmental laws. If a company does not comply with the laws and regulations in place, a company risks lawsuits, fines and possible company closure. Therefore it is imperative for a company such as Baderman Island to acknowledge the possible compliance challenges and reduce the liability of those compliances challenges. Legal Compliance Challenges Baderman Island Resort, will be expanding its operations and we believe as a team that some of the legal compliance challenges the organization will encounter are linked to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Opportunity Act (Affirmative Action Act). The organization has to ensure the selection process and promotion process, the designing of the training and implementation of the training for the employees are taken into consideration to mitigate risk (Jackson Mathis, 2008, Chapter 9, Training  Human Resources). In addition to the selection, promotion and design of the training; Baderman Island Resort has to ensure that the 80% Rule is followed and that an environment of disparate impact and treatment is not created to reduce risk (Moran, 2008, Chapter 2, Selection). Baderman has also advised its employees and the public, that they will be hiring and training employees to speak Spanish and French to develop a better relationship with their international clientele (University of Phoenix, 2014). A blog is being used as customer relationship management tool to identify areas of concerns and opportunities. The HR department and executive management team need to review what a bona fide occupational qualification means, in the areas that they are planning to expand and mitigate risk. The organization operates in the hotel and resort industry environment in order to have sustained growth; legal compliance challenges have to be understood, researched and communicated. The legal compliance challenges can have a direct impact on their cash flow, for example, if Baderman Island Resort was found guilty of race discrimination of Title VII Civil Rights Act of 1964, in 2006, the organization would be liable for paying $27,000 (Moran, 2008, Chapter 2, Selection). Discrimination and other non-compliance issues always present a possibility for legal ramifications, therefore management must constantly be aware of different methods to reduce liability. Options to reduce liability With the expansion of operations that Baderman Island Resort will be making, there will be a few different challenges that will take place and options that will help to reduce the liability of the company. Thorough and accurate training is one of Baderman Island’s primary concerns. Knowledgeable and impartial trainers not only help pave the way for new employees and continuous training, but they also represent the company and its values. Proper training perpetuates good employees with a good grasps of key concepts and knowledge. Improper training could lead to mistakes, production loss, liabilities, and possibly injuries. Hiring and training multi-lingual employees that speak Spanish and French is a great idea, to help broaden the company’s customer base. Management would need to ensure that all shifts maintain an appropriate number of multi-lingual employees, dependent upon business and shift requirements. If the resort finds that additional  languages become a majority including addition multi-lingual employees would be recommended for customer satisfaction and fairness. Customer satisfaction is always the ultimate goal of Baderman Island Resort; therefore feedback plays a critical role in implementing beneficial changes. Allowing employees to provide feedback for management review helps employees feel important and valued. Customer feedback provides an opportunity for management to spot possible weaknesses and areas in need of improvement. With three different methods of feedback and review: management, employee feedback and customer feedback management increase the opportunity for positive changes and increased repeat business and increased revenue. How employment practice compliance systems could assist liability reduction By not only creating equal opportunity employment, but creating an environment in which every guest feels as they are special, Baderman Island Resort, desires to achieve harmony within the resort. We at Baderman Island Resort take great pride in our training system. This system of training allows us to ensure every employee is trained on how to treat others, better yet, how to react when situations arise. Our trainers have all been through rigorous standardized training to ensure every employee is equally proficient with our expectations. This training helps ensure compliance with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Training every employee with the same standardized system will help ensure everyone within the workforce is treated equally, regardless of race, sex, color, or national origin. This also includes the hiring process. By providing continuing training, Baderman Island Resort can help ensure hiring practices are also followed. Each of our employees that are fluent in another language receives a bonus due to the additional assistance they can provide our guests. Those who currently employed or in the process of being hired are offered free language classes, which will result in Baderman Island Resort keeping a multi-cultural workforce. These employees will also receive the bonus once they have become fluent in the chosen language. Continuing to educate our employees and hire the most qualified individuals will in a more responsible and caring workforce. A vast portion of Baderman Island’s success and lifespan is a direct result from complying with the laws and regulations in their area. The fact that Baderman Island has expanded since first opening its doors in 1988 and it has plans to continue to expand, reflects the constant attention to the  changing laws and regulations. Baderman Island will continue to be successful if management continues to analyze and reduce compliance challenges. References Jackson, J.H., Mathis, R.L. (2008). Home Resource Management (12th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection. Moran, J.J. (2008). Employment Law. Employment Challenges in the Business Environment (4th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection. University of Phoenix. (2014). Baderman Island Resort [Multimedia]. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, HRM420 website. Virtual Organizations Portal., Apollo Group, Inc., Baderman Island. (2012). eCampus: Login. Retrieved from https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CIST/VOP/Business/BadermanIsland/internet/index.asp

Computer Crimes :: essays research papers

Computer Crimes Computer crimes are on the rise 1 in 10 Americans experience some form of a malicious attack on their computer system. If you pay attention to the rest of this speech you will understand how a Hackers mind works and how to defend yourself from them. In this speech I will tell you why and how people break into computers, what sorts of trouble they cause, and what kind of punishment lie ahead for them if caught. Hackers and Crackers break into computer systems for any of a wide variety of reasons. Many groups break into computers for capital gain while still others do it as a means to pass time at work or at school. For most it's a thrill to figure out how to break into a computer. Most people never have any intention of causing harm. I believe that for the vast majority of people it's merely the thrill of the "hunt" at pushes them to such great lengths. Many employees that work in large corporations feel that they don't get paid as much as they should. Therefore if they have high security clearance they are able to capitalize from that by selling the data they have access to on the black-market. Whether it be Ford Motor companies plan for the 1999 F-150 or spec sheets for the military's new bomber it happens everyday. Too by left is a drawing that illustrates the method that most Hackers use to take over your computer. Ever since the dial-up connection was invented anyone with a modem had the ability to wreck any one of thousands of computers. One of the most talked about forms of computer crime is computer viruses. A computer virus is a small but highly destructive program written by an unscrupulous computer Hacker. Back in 1984 a 17 year old computer Hacker single handedly brought down four hundred thousand computers in a matter of hours. Too my left is a graph depicting the # of computer crimes comited from 1988 till now. Some Hackers create a program called a worm. A worm is a piece of malicious software and is part of the virus family. People write worms to transfer money from bank accounts into their own personal checking account. Another way that Hackers cause trouble is by altering the telephone switching networks at MCI, AT&T, and Sprint. By doing this they are able to listen to any conversation they choose. Often-times they will listen in on the Police and FBI communicating with each-other. This allows them to move to a new location

“Jane Eyre” Compare and Contrast Essay Essay

Characters in the exuberant novel Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte, have such broad yet elaborate personalities and traits so that setting them apart from one another would not be much of a challenge. One of the most important and steadfast character in this novel, Helen Burns, accepted widely by society that she resembles mostly to a missionary, in that of similar traits. Pairing a common idea, person, or object with characters clarify them to the highest degree. It is universally accepted that Helen Burns would be likened to a missionary because of her belief in God, In her ability to save someone, and because of her being rejected, like many missionaries today. Belief in God could not be more important for Helen Burns in her understanding of life as we know it, her harsh punishments, and strict conduct shape her personality and character from a child. Without her strong faith and belief in the Lord she would not have been able to have lived life so calm and steadfast. Even though it is claimed that her faith is not shaped entirely by the Bible, she tends to have a philosophy of her own, and that is to be somewhat be an individual and basically mind your own business, and to be one’s own person. â€Å"Hush, Jane! you think too much of the love of human beings; you are too impulsive, too vehement; the sovereign hand that created your frame, and put life into it, has provided you with other resources than your self, or than creatures feeble as you.†(Bronte 8). Helen says that Jane shouldn’t care for what people think, and says that she should only be focused on the true creator of life and only make sure that she pleases him and no one else, even though she should love everybody at all times, and not arouse any problems with anybody. Helen’s faith would be the sole reason of what keeps her strong, and what eventually keeps Jane strong, as well as helping her pass away knowing that she would once and for all unite with her savior – Jesus Christ. Faith and foundation rests upon the hands of God. A missionary’s occupation is built around those same building blocks of many human being today, and without their strong belief they could not do what they do best. Their faith helps them preach the gospel and help their brothers and sisters, mothers  and fathers, and daughters and sons all over the world. Without the drive and compassion they have for God, they would not be able to complete the basic and complex tasks as a human being and to reach the golden gates of Heaven one day. For example many people just by the ways and actions of most christians today gain respect for them by many different types of people, just like how Jane slowly but surely gains respect and understanding of why Helen became a Christian. Missionaries everyday accomplishments, and actions have the foundation of God built around them, and just like Helen Burns keeps them optimistic, and hopeful for a new day and what’s to come. The sole objective of Helen Burns’ life was to respect and follow the word of God, but little did she know that one of her objectives originally planned by God was to help Jane Eyre mature and find a love for God as well. Helen Burns was not aware but she shaped Jane’s life from a child and as she grew Helen’s teaching and soothing and wise words flowed right out of her. Jane’s character was built from the wise words and character of Helen Burns. Without Helen Burns Now it is universally accepted that Helen Burns saved Jane Eyre from a seeker to a believer in God, and this qualifies as a trait of a missionary, as well as shaping Jane’s discombobulated childhood. A missionaries purpose in life is to go from place to place and try to convert people into the word of God. A missionary realizes that they save people and that is what slightly differentiates Helen Burns from them. Even though most missionaries are older men, Helen Burns is a lady and a young one at that. Missionaries usually spread the word of God in many different ways, by being enthusiastic, factual, or funny. Helen Burns strictly sticks with the material she knows, and teaches Jane Eyre more than a thing a two about life in general and God. Missionaries all in all save people from sin, and guide them out of the darkness and into the light of God, just like Helen did for Jane. Missionaries have more of a knowledge of how they want to evaluate a certain person and what the best way would be to convert them. Missionaries save people everyday using different methods and reasoning, and in the end they end up helping people get steps closer to God. Helen Burns just like any other believer in Christ becomes always becomes  rejected by some way, shape, or form of society. At first Jane does not think anything of the word of God then she starts to associate it with a fairy-tale implying that it’s simply not true, there can be no place as heaven, and the idea of God being obscure. Being a young girl and not knowing better could be a legitimate explanation for this behavior, however when she realizes how calm and steadfast Helen’s actions are with her hard life of always being punished for the smallest things, and being picked on by cruel teachers, she begins to realize the empowerment of Christ. Helen Burns becomes a rejection faith-wise to Jane, but little by little Jane realizes truth from lie, just like many non-believers today. Helen Burns relates perfectly to a missionary for this reason, because of times Missionaries are rejected because of the stubborn atheists. Part of being a missionary and basically what comes in the package of this honor, would be that there will always be rejection. People who are uneducated, not willing to learn, or confused will not take the time to hear a missionary out and listen to why they should believe in the one true God. Rejection, clearly understood as an inevitable action or mental state that happens to be involved in everything. The incorporation of this in a missionaries work is double the amount of regular doses of rejection for the main reason of, â€Å"There is no such as God,† as thought by uneducated atheists. Just like Jane Eyre without giving Helen a chance to really speak her heart from the result of Jane’s actions, many missionaries are turned down by the public in the spite up they just don’t give them a chance to hear there thoughts, views, and morals. When Jane realizes how calm Helen was that she knew she was about to die, because it would give her a chance to be with God, she realizes that there is a God, and heaven would be her last and final destination from that day forward. Without the incorporation of Helen Burns in this novel, there would not be a foundation to Jane’s life, as she would still remain a seeker to find the religion that would suit her needs, and that she would feel was real and essential to her life. Helen Burns was a not only the foundation for Jane Eyre but the foundation for the novel itself. Just as a missionary always has base and roots of the person converted by them. Helen and a missionary  have much in common even though Helen was not aware of how she fulfills this title, and missionaries are. It’s widely accepted by society that Helen Burns would have to be one of the greatest literary characters to have ever been created, and if more of the world were indulged by her powerful presence maybe also they too would â€Å"Rise again.† (Bronte 9).

Analysis of Female Characters in Shakespeare’s Othello

ANALYSIS OF FEMALE CHARACTERS IN OTHELLO In this paper I have tried to analyse the female characters of Shakespeare’s Othello in the light of Elizabethan Era, and status of women in 12th century, the age from which the character of Othello is taken. I have also discussed the status of woman in Christianity in Shakespearean times. The main purpose of this research article in the analyse the female characters of Othello that they were not different from the real life of Shakespearean times nor alien from the women of 12th Century.Othello a black Moor, a warrior, won many battles, becomes a victim of jealousy and conspiracy of Roderigo. Who hates Othello not due to racial prejudice but rather jealousy that Othello has won fair Desdemona (1-1) Shakespeare’s primary source for Othello was Un Capitano moro, (A Moorish Captain), one of the One hundred short stories in the collection. Gli Hecatommithi published by the Italian, Cinthio (web) (1566-Venice). Cinthio’s story provides the backbone for Shakespeare’s plot although he changed and introduced some minor characters e. ; Brabantio and Roderigo. In Cinthio’s episode Iago’s motive for revenge against Othello was that he loved Desdemona, who out rightly rejected his proposal. The tragedy of Othello takes place in Venice and Cypress, Iago uses Desdemona through Emilia and inflames a good man with jealousy. In the beginning of the play the seed of conflict are sown when Roderigo shouts in dark at Brabantio’s house, the news of Desdemona’s elopement that she: hath made a gross revolt, Tying her duty, beauty wit and fortunes.In an extravagant and wheeling stranger Of here and everywhere† Brabontio thinks that it was due to some black magic that was used by Othello, the black moor, we see that there are hints of hostility within the play about Othello’s Moorish origin and his differences in religion and culture when Othello relates his story of love befo re the Duke in the Venation Senate and he convinces all of them that he never used magic or drugs. Barbantio demands that Desdemona should testify, she affirms her duty to her father (I. iii) (179-180).Who gave her life and education, but asserts she has a higher duty than this to Othello, as he is her husband. My Noble Father I also perceive here a divided duty; To you I am bound for life and education; My life and education both do learn me How to respect you; your are the lord of duty; I am therefore your daughter; but here is my husband. (I. iii. 180-185) Desdemona is presented as a true Christian character possessing all the virtues of honourable woman. She respects her father, admits his love and vows to obey her husband. She suffers more than any other character of the play.Othello also loves Desdemona from his heart in the beginning and utters it as: But that I have the gentle Desdemona, I would not my unhoused free condition Put into circumscription and confine For the seaà ¢â‚¬â„¢s worth (I. ii. 25-28) The love of Othello is corrupted by Iago’s conspiracy and Othello is trapped in his jealousy inflamed by handkerchief plot. His loves turns him mad and he uses the weapon of violence against the fair Desdemona. His hate is so much for Desdemona that he says to Lodovico: Ay; you did wish that I would make her turns.Sir, she turns, and turns and yet go on, And turn again; and she can weep, sir, weep; And she is obedient, as you say obedient, Very obedient. (IV. iii 252-257) Thus Othello implies that Desdemona is available to Lodovico or to any one else, also, because she is as obedient that she can obey any one. What is the significance of handkerchief of Othello? In Othello there are two accounts of handkerchief, in the first Othello warms Desdemona that his handkerchief is love charm with â€Å"magic in the web† given to his mother by an Egyptian.In the record account Othello tells Grantiano it was â€Å"an antique token/ My father gave m y father†. Othello’s two different versions make readers/audience baffle that which one is true. The fatal handkerchief is very important in the play (Andrews) In the beginning in of the play Desdemona is shown as an adventurous spirit when her husband Othello is called for military duty in Cypress, she begs to go with him and cannot think of remaining alone at home without her husband. Even Othello woos Desdemona by telling adventurous stories of actions and danger.She heard all these tales with â€Å"Greedy ears† Desdemona wishes that â€Å"The leavens had made her a man like Othello† (I. iii) Desdemona is very expressive about her love for Othello she is bold and beautiful in expressing her love for Othello even before her father and the duke and she also openly announces that she will go to Cypress, which shows that she was pretty frank about her sexual desire for her husband. Desdemona suffers much more than any other character of the play. She is a g ood natured young and beautiful lady ,and possesses all good qualities and Christian virtues.Then why she suffers so much? Shakespearean conveys the possibility that God’s deeds in the play, a work that prompts playgoers to believe that she deserves happiness (her taking Cassio’s case as her own), directly leads to her death† (Hunt 2004). The character of Desdemona is that if an â€Å"ideal wife† as Carroll Camden calls her in Iago on woman (2004). In Othello Desdemona disobeying her, back chatting with Iago (II. i), lying Othello of her death (V. ii), admiring Lodovico as a â€Å"Proper Man† (IV. I) and pressing Cassio’s suit to Othello.It is important to note that several critics cite Desdemona for violating Elizabethan or Jacobean law and propriety by denying her father and running off with the Moor (Kolin). Desdemona is one the most beautiful heroines of Shakespeare, when Brabantio arrives to confront Othello, he says that if it is imposs ible that â€Å"a maid so tender, fair and happy† (I. ii 66). Would ever love a scary black man like Othello. Cassio describes her beauty â€Å"That paragon description and wild fame† (II. i), here he means to say that Desdemona is more beautiful than ny possible description of her beauty, more beautiful than the wildest story of any woman’s beauty. She is indeed the â€Å"most fresh and delicate creature† (II-iii-19). When Othello saw his handkerchief is Cassio’s hand, Iago encourages Othello’s murderous mood by reminding him that Cassio gave the precious handkerchief to his whore, Bianca. Iago continues to subtly increase Othello’s fury through his use of sexual innuendo as he tells Othello that â€Å"Cassio has the handkerchief and implies that he has confessed to sleeping with Desdemona† (Bate & Rasmussen 2009).Othello was still uncertain; his disjointed language shows the breakdown of his self-control (IV-i). He falls down unconscious as Cassio arrives and Iago tells him that Othello has epilepsy, warning that he breaks into savage madness if woken from fit. It is interesting to note in Othello, Shakespeare uses female characters through Iago for the downfall of Othello. The conspiracies are woven with the help of women. All the three woman characters of Othello and theare used against Othello. It is true that Othello is all male- world- play of Shakespeare.Desdemona, Emilia and Bianca are rejected by their male partners and all three love their men unselfishly, even when confronted by behavior that we would deem grounds for divorce at the very last. All the women are engaged to unequal partnerships. They feel more for their self-centered men than the men are capable for reciprocating. However, the women also display genuine emotions toward each other that is not reflected in any of the male characters. Besides Desdemona, Emilia is an important character, she is elder and cynical than Desdemona. She develops a close relationship with the young married Desdemona.They form a bond of relationship over husband trouble. It is interesting to note that Emilia’s one dishonest act towards Desdemona is the stealing of handkerchief, she did not know the plot of Iago, her act of stealing turns out to have devastating consequences. (IV ) Unfortunately Emilia’s little theft ends up causing her friend’s death. Emilia realizes the importance of handkerchief and when she discovers about Iago’s evil plot against Othello and she relives the truth. She washes the bad name of Desdemona. She also sacrifices her own life so that Desdemona won’t be remembered as a whore.Iago and Emilia are married but their relationship is not based on mutual understanding. Iago always talks trash about woman in general. Emilia is eager to please him. She steals Desdemona’s handkerchief in order to please Iago. â€Å"I nothing but to please his fantasy† (III-iiii). She tries to gratify Iago’s thirst for power and wishes without involving into any evil designs which are in Iago’s mind: who would not make her husband A cockold to make him a monarch? I should venture purgatory for. (IV-iii) Like Desdemona, Emilia craves for affection. She is very submissive like Desdemona and Bianca.It was common in the Elizabethan woman to be submissive and devoted to male figures whether father or husband. Emilia’s bitterness boils over in the final scene during which she says that husbands are usually to blame when their wives cheat on them. After all, men cheat on woman all the time. Why shouldn’t woman have an equal right to infidelity? Although, Shakespeare wrote Othello in the early 1600’s. Emilia’s monologue is about as close as we find in later feminist manifesto. Third female character is that of Bianca, a Venatian courtier, who is in love with Cassio.Cassio always uses her as a laughable nuisance. Bianca’s c haracter is very sympathetic and Cassio uses her for his sexual needs and treats her like a garbage. why is she presented as a prostitute in the play? when there are only three woman characters. Actually Venice was famous for prostitution and promiscuity. She is a foil to the chaste and ever fatithful Desdemona. But hardhearted soldier in Othello does not recognize the difference between these women. He is easily cheated by ‘gentle’ Iago that Desdemona is having extra-marital sex with Cassio.It is also very interesting that all three woman, Desdemona Emilia and Bianca, are accused at some point or another of being promiscuous Each one of these women are rejected by their male partners. It was an error of judgment on the part of Othello that he was not able to understated Iago’s plot to ruin Othello. The woman, especially Desdemona, suffers most in the play. Emilia and Bianca also suffer, and Othello takes revenge and kills Iago when he comes to know about the rea lity. The play ends with a great loss, the death of Desdemona is the most tragic one, because she was the â€Å"the sweetest innocent/that ever did lift up eye†. V-ii). In the fits of jealousy Othello was blind to all love and affections of a human being, he acts like a beast when he says: O, she was foul! I scarce did know your, uncle; there lies your niece. Whose breath indeed, these hands have newly stopped. I know this act shows horrible and given(5) Iago stabs Emilia and when Othello was told the truth of handkerchief and Iago’s plot by dying Emilia. Who announces the innocence of Desdemona to Othello: Moor, she was chaste; she loved three cruel Moor; So come my soul to bliss, as I speak true; So speaking as I think, I die, I die. (Dies)Othello was almost mad after knowing the truth, he comes to know that his wife was innocent, when Gratiano enters into the bedchamber he requests him: O cursed, cursed salve! Whip me, ye devils From the possession of this heavenly sight! Blow me about in words! Roast me in sulpher! Wash me in steep-down gulfs of liquid fire! O Desdemona! Dead, Desdemona! Dead! O! ( V-II) The agony and remorse of killing was felt at heart by poor Othello, he stabs himself and gives a proof to world that never allow jealousy over come reason and also washes all the stains from the name of beautiful Desdemona. Othello utters his last words: I kissed thee ere I killed thee: No way but this (falling upon Desdemona) Killing myself, to die upon a kiss. (Dies) ( V-ii) Lodovico, a kinsman to Brabantio, asks Gratiano, Brother to Brabantio. â€Å"Myself will straight aboard; and to the state This heavy act with heavy heart relate† (V- ii) References .Andrews, M. C. (2004). Honest Othello: The Handkerchief once More. Studies in English Literature. camden, C. (n. d. ). Iago on women. Hunt, M. (2004). Shakespeare's Religious Allusiveness. ashgate. Kolin, P. C. (n. d. ). Othello:new critical essays. Rasmussem, J. B. (2009). William s hakespeare. Palgrave Macmillan.

Examining the similarities of leadership styles Essays

Examining the similarities of leadership styles Essays Examining the similarities of leadership styles Essay Examining the similarities of leadership styles Essay Purpose of this survey is to analyze the similarities of transformational, transactional and Servant leading theories and analyse the Contribution those theories make to the apprehension of leading. Introduction: Leadership has a major function in twenty-first century in all sectors. Here I am traveling to discourse about apprehension of what leading is, is at that place any similarities among three theoreticians on what good or effectual leading should be. Expectation, in the twenty-first Century leader should be moral, societal and ethical responsible. What is leading? Leadership is a procedure of act uponing the people to obtain the coveted end. There are many writers giving different definition. Goleman ( 2000 ) : A leader s remarkable occupation is to acquire consequences . House et Al ( 2004 ) : Leadership is the ability to actuate, influence and enable persons To lend to the aims of organisations of which they are members . Stogdill ( 1974 ) : Leadership is an influencing procedure aimed at end accomplishment . Johns T ( 2008 ) says: A leader takes people where they want to travel. A great leader takes people where they do nt needfully desire to be, but ought to be. There are a figure of types of leaders who adopt different leading manners Harmonizing to Richard Bolden ( 2004 ) , Different leading theories were revealed and classified.A And besides merely few leading theories reached to people. They are: Great Man Trait Eventuality Situational Behavioral Participative Management ( transactional leading theory ) Relationship ( transmutation, retainer and squad leading ) Now I am traveling to discourse about transformational, transactional and servant leading. Transformational leading: James Macgregor Burns was the first individual who forward construct of transforming Leadership. Burns says, transforming leading is a relationship of common Stimulation and lift that converts followings into leaders and may change over Leaderships into moral agents ( Burns, 1978 ) and so bass b.m was developed the transmutation leading The end of transformational leading is to transform people and organisations in a actual sense to alter them in head and bosom ; enlarge vision, penetration, and apprehension ; clarify intents ; Make behaviour congruent with beliefs, rules, or values ; and convey about alterations that are lasting, self-perpetuating, and impulse edifice ( Bass and Avolio, 1994 ) . Bass ( 1996 ) , Transformational leading occurs when a Leader encourages followings to portion a vision, authorising them to accomplish the vision, and supplying the chance to develop their single potency. Transformational leaders serve as function theoretical accounts, and besides transformational leader rise people from low degrees of demand, focused on endurance ( following Maslow s hierarchy ) , to higher degrees ( Kelly, 2003 ) . Components of transformational leading: Four common I s are, 1.A A A A A Idealized influence. Charismatic vision and behaviour that inspires others to follow. 2.A A A A A Inspirational motive. Capable of actuating others to perpetrate to the vision. 3.A A A A A Intellectual stimulation. Encouraging innovationA and creativeness. 4.A A A A A A A Individualized consideration. Coaching to the specific demands of followings. Beginning: ( Kelly, 2003 ) Features of transformational leader: Harmonizing to ( Tichy and Devanna, 1986 ) , they have seven features to animate their followings to accomplish beyond the outlook. 1. They visibly see themselves as alteration agents 2. They are courageous 3. They believe in people 4. They are driven by a strong set of values 5.They are life-long scholars 6. They can get by with complexness, uncertainness and ambiguity 7. They are visionaries Example of successful transmutation leading: There are many leaders win in the manner transformational leading qualities. Mahatma Gandhi is Transformational leader stand foring magnetic qualities. Transformational leader is Lou Gerstner retired Chairman and CEO of IBM. He turned IBM around from $ 8.1 billion loss in 1993 after placing portion of the company s job as success syndrome . IBM had become shockable and inflexible ( Sheppard, 2002 ) . Gerstner wholly transformed the civilization of the organisation through, for illustration, patterning desired behaviour and shut down IBM s ill-famed frock codification to reproduce better the vesture of their clients ( Sheppard, 2002 ) . Lee Iacocca is a transformational leader who is credited with salvaging the Chrysler Corporation ( 1980-1992 ) . He took over Chrysler when it was on the threshold of bankruptcy and put about transforming the ideals of his closest subsidiaries. He began to redesign the corporation s civilization. Because a transformational leader encourages others to go transformational leaders, shortly the full organisation was filled with effectual leaders ( Kelly, 2003 ) . Transactional leading: Transactional leading is a procedure of Social exchange between followings and leaders that involves a figure of reward-based minutess. The transactional leader makes clear what he want, Performance outlooks, ends, link between ends and wagess. The leader besides watches followings public presentation And if any errors happening towards the end, the leader appear to rectify ( Burns 1978 ) . In pattern, these leaders use more closed and prima inquiries ( Randell, 1997 ) . Components of transactional leading: ( Bass A ; Avolio, 1994 ) Contingent wagess: It refers to a prearranged understanding: If you do as we agreed so it specifies outlook and sets ends. Active management-by-exception: It refers to behavior where the leader is actively supervising a follower: I am seeing to it that you ( make non ) the leader is strongly oversing and has specified disciplinary actions for errors. Passive management-by-exception: It occurs when the leader is passively supervising a follower: If I happen to detect that you ( did non ) ; the leader takes disciplinary action in the instance of errors if these are found out. All these behaviours work on the rules of anticipation of wages and fright of penalty, related to demands that are lower on Maslow s hierarchy Features of transactional leading: harmonizing to Marcbowles ( 2003 ) , They puting a clear end. They create public presentation marks for each person and the squad They spot public presentation spreads. They wo nt swear their followings, they monitor their public presentation. They take disciplinary actions when necessary. They deriving promise to public presentation and ends through wage, wages, acknowledgment and congratulations. Example of successful transactional leading: Transactional leading is largely follow by directors and CEO in many organisations in twenty-first century. Ezine ( 2010 ) adverting about Steve Jobs ( TIMES CEO OF 2009 ) is the celebrated transactional leader. Steve Jobs was known for his down to Earth and undertaking orientated nature of his leading in apple computing machine. hypertext transfer protocol: //ezinearticles.com/ ? Leadership-Styles -Transactional-Leadership A ; id=4262945 Servant leading: Servant leading views a leader as a retainer of his/her followings. Servant leading was developed by green foliage in 1970, he said that The servant-leader is servant firstaˆÂ ¦It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to function, to function foremost. Then witting pick brings one to draw a bead on to take. He or she is aggressively different from the individual who is Leader foremost, possibly because of the demand to pacify an unusual power thrust or to get material ownerships. ( Greenleaf, 1970 ) . Katzenbach and Smith ( 1993 ) high spots The importance of leaders cognizing when to follow The importance of the leader moving as supportive individual to their followings to accomplish undertaking instead than merely directing. They propose that the leader should inquire inquiries instead than giving replies ; provide chances for others to take them ; Components of servant leading: Servant leading has six distinguishable constituents: ( Laub, 1999 ) . Valuing people Developing people Building community Exposing genuineness Supplying leading Sharing leading Features of servant leading: They Serve other s demands before their demands They believe in people They are really simple and caring personalities They Provide chances to larn and turn They create Strong interpersonal relationships Share power and release control Share position and promote others Example of Successful servant leading: Maxwell J ( 2007 ) add the new jurisprudence in The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership Leaders Add Value by Serving Others, he described about functioning others, can do immense values ( net income ) in the organisation. Adding Net incomes by Adding Value Costco s CEO, Jim Sinegal, believes the success of Costco comes from handling his employees good. Transactional versus Transformational leading: Harmonizing to Bass ( 1985 ) transactional leader motivates subsidiaries by interchanging wagess for services provided. Transactional Leader chiefly focused on end. Leader has been deriving promise to public presentation and ends through wage, wages, acknowledgment and congratulations. Transformational leaders, on the other manus, motivate subsidiaries to execute beyond expectations. . Bass argued that such public presentation can non be achieved through transactional leading entirely. .A Comparison of Transactional and Transformational Leadership: ( Covey, 1992 ) Transformational Leadership Transactional Leadership aˆ? physiques on a adult male s demand for intending aˆ? Is preoccupied with intents and values, ethical motives, and moralss aˆ? Transcends day-to-day personal businesss aˆ? Is focused on accomplishing long term ends Without compromising human values and Principles aˆ? Focuses more on missions and schemes aˆ? Releases human prospective identifying and budding new endowment aˆ? Designs and redesigns occupations to do them meaningful and disputing aˆ? Aligns domestic constructions and systems to reinforce overarching values and ends aˆ? Builds on adult male s demand to acquire a occupation done and do a life aˆ? Is preoccupied with power and place, political relations and fringe benefits aˆ? Is mired in day-to-day personal businesss aˆ? Is short-run and difficult informations orientated aˆ? Focuss on tactical issues aˆ? Relies on human dealingss to lubricate human interactions aˆ? Follows and fulfils function outlooks by endeavoring to work efficaciously within current systems aˆ? Supports constructions and systems that reenforce the bottom line, maximise efficiency, and warrant short-run net incomes Leithwood and Jantzi ( 2000 ) conclude that transactional leaders more normally use teleological moralss ( teleology is the survey of ends, terminals and intents. ) Whereas transformational leaders deploy deontological moralss. Servant Leadership versus Transactional Leadership: Servant leading and transactional leading are apparent in a figure of ways. Servant leaders emphasize activities that fans of wellbeing, while transactional leaders focus on the activities of everyday care and resource allotment followings of monitoring and direction to accomplish organisational ends. Contrary to the main retainers who influence followings through personal development and authorization, the transactional leader influences followings through the usage of wagess, countenances, and formal authorization and place to bring on behavior consistent. Harmonizing to Blanchard and Johnson ( 1985 ) , transactional leaders create strong outlooks about the behaviour of employees, every bit good as clear counsel on employees receive wagess for run intoing the outlooks of transactional leader.Li Thus, leaders use transactional contingent wages behaviour to implement minutess with followings to accomplish work ends ( Bass, 1985 ) . Servant Leadership versus Transactional Leadership: Harmonizing to the rock and his co-worker point of position servant leading and transformational leading, both theoretical accounts incorporate features such as regard, vision, influence, mold, trust, unity, and deputation ( Stone et al. , 2003 ) .Transformational leading and servant leading have similar qualities such as individualised grasp and consideration of followings. Servant and Transformational Leadership: A Comparative Model Under the Servant Leader theoretical account, the leader s motive to take arises from an implicit in attitude of equalitarianism. In other words, the leader s belief system says he or she is no better than those who are led. All members of the organisation have equal rights to vision, regard, and information. The leader s function is to ease the outgrowth of a community within the organisation. 1, are valuing people, developing people, constructing community, exposing genuineness and sharing leading. Possible impacts of these drivers could be: higher skilled people, more ethical people, better communicators, strong interpersonal relationships, creative activity of shared visions, and clear goals.It is argued here that these results in concurrence with the leader enterprises that produce them create the religious productive civilization. Under the transformational leader theoretical account, the chief leader enterprises are idealised influence, inspirational motive, rational stimulation and individualised consideration. These enterprises lead to: function mold, high ethical criterions, concern for the demands of others, communicating of outlooks shared visions, inventions, hazard pickings, and oppugning of patterns and systems. Beginning: Smith.B et Al ( 2004 ) servant leading tends to cultivate a more inactive attack to the external environment than transformational leading. The servant leader s motive is directed more at the personal growing of the follower, therefore the servant leader s success is determined by the extent to which the follower moves toward self realization ( Maslow, 1970 ) . Whereas the transformational leader s motive is directed More toward obtaining success for the organisation, which will reflect on his/her abilities, and the success of these leaders is measured by the extent to which they obtain organisational wagess. Decision: leading is attitude non a function. Leadership in Leadership, It seems, is progressively going the cosmopolitan redress of the twenty-first Century and its accent is turning towards the moral, societal and ethical duties of leaders. Transformational leading is suited for dynamic organisation and servant leading suited for inactive organisation such as church, non-profit organisation, non-government organisation. Most of leader utilizing transactional leading theory while they utilizing transformational leading. There is nil every bit practical as a good theory ( Lewin, 1935 ) . So Today s leaders need to be skilled in alteration direction to follow in any state of affairs CHRISTINA OSBORNE ( 2008 ) .

9 Free and Effective Classroom Rewards

9 Free and Effective Classroom Rewards Its no secret that schools only provide the bare minimum, so teachers often need to dip into their already shallow pockets in to supplement what the school provides in the classroom. Material rewards are one easy place where we can cut corners and still remain effective educators. You really dont need to spend your money on candy, toys, stickers, and other little goodies to extrinsically motivate, reward, and recognize your students good behavior. Emphasize intrinsic motivation and teach that learning and good behavior are rewards unto themselves. Your students will rise to your heightened expectations.   Easy, Free Rewards for Your Classroom Save yourself the trouble and consider some of the free ways you can give your students a meaningful thumbs up when they do something right. Lunch Bunch   Recognize a well-behaved table group by inviting them to Lunch Bunch with the teacher. The chosen kids bring their own lunches and eat in the classroom together with you. If you have a TV, find some cartoons to watch. Or, have the kids bring their favorite CDs from home to listen to during lunch (check the lyrics first!). They can also play games when they finish eating. The children feel special because they get to stay inside and you may even find that you enjoy this unique, low-key time with the kids as much as they do. Longer Recess   This is a great one because it doesnt have to involve extra time from you. If possible, reward a child by letting them stay outside and play until a later bell. For example, after my third graders come in, the fourth graders get to play about 10 more minutes. So, I can reward a student by letting them stay out until the fourth grade bell. You may need to double-check with yard duty supervisors before doing this. Also, you probably wont want to use this one all the time. The kids do miss some instructional time and you are relying on the supervisors to help you out. Special Seats   Reward a well-behaved (or much-improved) child by letting them work at the teachers desk for an entire day. Or, you can set up a special seat on the rug and let chosen students have a chance to sit there during story time. This free reward is zero hassle for you and quite a thrill for the kids! Whole-Group Rewards   Let individual students earn points towards a whole class reward. This works especially well for students who crave attention because they will earn positive attention from the whole class for their good behavior. For example, the student can earn a table point for their table group, or a few marbles for the class marble jar. This helps difficult students feel like a real part of the group and it provides for a little positive peer pressure to keep them performing well. Read-In Party Stay away from popcorn parties that require extra money and preparation from you. Tell the kids that they can wear pajamas to school that day (discuss appropriate attire, first!). They can also bring their favorite stuffed animal and a pillow. Use the day to celebrate the joys of reading. The kids get to lounge around the room for part of the day, reading, relaxing, and savoring the joy of books. You can also add in other literary activities for a rewarding day that sends a clear message to the students: Reading is Fun! Afternoon of Art and Music   Art and music are worthy academic subjects. But, if youre like most time-strapped teachers, you cant fit enough of them into the school day. Motivate your class with this simple reward. Let the class listen to music while they work on an art project. Theyll love it and so will you! Good Phone Call Home Why do phone calls home always have to be negative? Set this standard on its head by letting parents and guardians know how great their child is doing in your class. Most students will work really hard to get this kind of individualized recognition that will make a big difference at home. This is also a wonderful opportunity to solidify your relationship with parents. They want to know that you love their child and this is an easy way to make everyone happy. Help in Another Class   This is a great one for reinforcing academic content and building self-esteem in kids who really need it. Its hard to implement in kindergarten and first grade classes, but with other grades, it works great. Recognize a worthy student by letting them help out in a lower grade for awhile. Use your professional judgment to make it work in your classroom and school environment. Hand Stamp Dont get stuck on costly and consumable stickers. Use the simple ink stamps that you already have to let a student know that they are A-okay! Simply stamp your sign of approval on the back of the childs hand. You may want to clear this with parents first, since they might not appreciate ink on their kids hand. It may sound too good to be true, but if you dont introduce material rewards in the first place, your students will never miss them. In elementary school, children are so eager to please and so pleased to receive any little special recognition. They really will bend over backward for these types of rewards that dont cost you a penny! Edited by  Janelle Cox